Converting Time

[Lorraine Britto]

I would like to convert time to hours. for example in my time column (1:15 PM) I would like to convert it to 13:15.  Any help will be greatly appreciated.
 
Lorraine Britto
212-222-7691


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[Melissa Ives]

Assuming that the time and the AM/PM indicator are 2 variables
(otherwise, I believe SPSS used military time as you note below.)  Here
is syntax we use to convert--where a1a is the time value (1:15) and A1b
is the AM/PM indicator.

if (a1b='AM') miltime=a1a.
if (a1b='PM' and a1a lt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a+time.hms(12,0,0).
if (a1b='PM' and a1a gt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.
if (a1a=time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.
* format miltime(time5) do in variable view (Choose Date & hh:mm).
freq miltime.


Melissa

-----Original Message-----
From: SPSSX(r) Discussion [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of
Lorraine Britto
Sent: Thursday, September 27, 2007 10:21 AM
To: [hidden email]
Subject: [SPSSX-L] Converting Time

I would like to convert time to hours. for example in my time column
(1:15 PM) I would like to convert it to 13:15.  Any help will be greatly
appreciated.

Lorraine Britto
212-222-7691


-----------------------------------------
Visit www.nyc.gov/hhc

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[Richard Ristow]

At 04:32 PM 9/27/2007, Melissa Ives wrote:

>Assuming that the time and the AM/PM indicator are 2 variables, Here
>is syntax we use to convert--where a1a is the time value (1:15) and
>A1b is the AM/PM indicator.
>
>if (a1b='AM') miltime=a1a.
>if (a1b='PM' and a1a lt time.hms(12,0,0))
>miltime=a1a+time.hms(12,0,0).
>if (a1b='PM' and a1a gt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.
>if (a1a=time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.
>* format miltime(time5) do in variable view (Choose Date & hh:mm).

I believe that this code does not correctly handle times between
midnight and 1:00am. Following is a demo, plus two fix - one with an
extra IF, but I like the alternative DO IF logic. This is SPSS 14 draft
output (WRR:not saved separately):
........................
NUMERIC miltime (TIME5).
if (a1b='AM') miltime=a1a.
if (a1b='PM' and a1a lt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a+time.hms(12,0,0).
if (a1b='PM' and a1a gt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.
if (a1a=time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime=a1a.

NUMERIC miltime2 (TIME5).
if (a1b='AM' & a1a GE TIME.HMS(12,0,0)) miltime2=a1a-time.hms(12,0,0).
IF (a1b='AM' & a1a LT TIME.HMS(12,0,0)) miltime2=a1a

if (a1b='PM' & a1a lt time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime2=a1a+time.hms(12,0,0).
if (a1b='PM' & a1a GE time.hms(12,0,0)) miltime2=a1a.

NUMERIC miltime3 (TIME5).
DO IF   a1b eq 'AM' AND a1a GE TIME.HMS(12).
.  COMPUTE miltime3 = a1a - TIME.HMS(12).
ELSE IF a1b eq 'AM'.
.  COMPUTE miltime3 = a1a.
ELSE IF a1b eq 'PM' AND a1a GE TIME.HMS(12).
.  COMPUTE miltime3 = a1a.
ELSE IF a1b eq 'PM'.
.  COMPUTE miltime3 = a1a + TIME.HMS(12).
END IF.

LIST.

List
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
|Output Created               |28-SEP-2007 13:49:58       |
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
   a1a a1b miltime miltime2 miltime3

12:00 AM   12:00     0:00     0:00
12:34 AM   12:34     0:34     0:34
  6:54 AM    6:54     6:54     6:54
12:00 PM   12:00    12:00    12:00
12:34 PM   12:34    12:34    12:34
  6:54 PM   18:54    18:54    18:54

Number of cases read:  6    Number of cases listed:  6

===================
APPENDIX: Test data
===================
DATA LIST LIST
    /a1a (TIME5)
     a1b (A2).
BEGIN DATA
12:00 AM
12:34 AM
06:54 AM
12:00 PM
12:34 PM
06:54 PM
END DATA.

[Richard Ristow]

At 09:41 AM 10/16/2007, Lorraine Britto wrote, off-list:

>I used the attached syntax as AM/PM were in the time variable.
>Reg_TM was the variable holding the Time with AM/PM
>Regist is the converted variable for military time.
>
>COMPUTE Regist=NUM(SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,5),time).
>DO IF ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='PM')
>AND NOT (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')).
>COMPUTE Regist=Regist+43200.
>Else IF
>((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12') AND (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='AM')).
>COMPUTE Regist=Regist-43200.
>END IF.
>FORMATS Regist (time).

Fine so far; see demo, at end of this posting. In the demo, for  I've
changed formatting and indenting. I think "TIME.HMS(12)" is more
readable than "43200", for a time of '12 hours'.

>The issue I am now looking at is subtracting time, especially when
>Time A is 23:00:00 (10/1/2007) and Time B is 00:00:00 (10/2/2007). The
>time difference should be 1 hour.

If you have variables Time_A and Time_B that are both SPSS time
variables; if you want their difference, but occasionally Time_B looks
earlier than Time_A because Time_B is actually on the next day, try
this (untested):

NUMERIC TimeDiff(TIME5.)

COMPUTE TimeDiff = Time_B - Time_A.
IF     (TimeDiff LT 0)
         TimeDiff = TimeDiff + TIME.HMS(24).

==============================================
APPENDIX: Test and demo (SPSS 14 draft output)
==============================================
Test data (adapted from posting
Fri, 28 Sep 2007 13:52:44 -0400)
----------------------------------------------
DATA LIST FIXED
    /Reg_TM 01-08 (A).
BEGIN DATA
12:00 AM
12:34 AM
06:54 AM
12:00 PM
12:34 PM
06:54 PM
END DATA.
==============================================
Code and results:
----------------------------------------------
COMPUTE Regist=NUM(SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,5),time).
DO IF   ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='PM')
  AND NOT (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')).
.  COMPUTE Regist=Regist+TIME.HMS(12).
Else IF
         ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')
   AND    (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='AM')).
COMPUTE Regist=Regist-TIME.HMS(12).
END IF.
FORMATS Regist (time).
LIST.

List
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
|Output Created               |16-OCT-2007 13:26:44       |
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
Reg_TM     Regist

12:00 AM  0:00:00
12:34 AM  0:34:00
06:54 AM  6:54:00
12:00 PM 12:00:00
12:34 PM 12:34:00
06:54 PM 18:54:00

Number of cases read:  6    Number of cases listed:  6

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[Lorraine Britto]

Hi Richard,
The TimeDiff syntax you sent works well - Thanks again Lorraine

>>> Richard Ristow <[hidden email]> 10/16/2007 1:38 PM >>>
At 09:41 AM 10/16/2007, Lorraine Britto wrote, off-list:

>I used the attached syntax as AM/PM were in the time variable.
>Reg_TM was the variable holding the Time with AM/PM
>Regist is the converted variable for military time.
>
>COMPUTE Regist=NUM(SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,5),time).
>DO IF ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='PM')
>AND NOT (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')).
>COMPUTE Regist=Regist+43200.
>Else IF
>((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12') AND (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='AM')).
>COMPUTE Regist=Regist-43200.
>END IF.
>FORMATS Regist (time).

Fine so far; see demo, at end of this posting. In the demo, for  I've
changed formatting and indenting. I think "TIME.HMS(12)" is more
readable than "43200", for a time of '12 hours'.

>The issue I am now looking at is subtracting time, especially when
>Time A is 23:00:00 (10/1/2007) and Time B is 00:00:00 (10/2/2007). The
>time difference should be 1 hour.

If you have variables Time_A and Time_B that are both SPSS time
variables; if you want their difference, but occasionally Time_B looks
earlier than Time_A because Time_B is actually on the next day, try
this (untested):

NUMERIC TimeDiff(TIME5.)

COMPUTE TimeDiff = Time_B - Time_A.
IF     (TimeDiff LT 0)
         TimeDiff = TimeDiff + TIME.HMS(24).

==============================================
APPENDIX: Test and demo (SPSS 14 draft output)
==============================================
Test data (adapted from posting
Fri, 28 Sep 2007 13:52:44 -0400)
----------------------------------------------
DATA LIST FIXED
    /Reg_TM 01-08 (A).
BEGIN DATA
12:00 AM
12:34 AM
06:54 AM
12:00 PM
12:34 PM
06:54 PM
END DATA.
==============================================
Code and results:
----------------------------------------------
COMPUTE Regist=NUM(SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,5),time).
DO IF   ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='PM')
  AND NOT (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')).
..  COMPUTE Regist=Regist+TIME.HMS(12).
Else IF
         ((SUBSTR(Reg_TM,1,2)='12')
   AND    (SUBSTR(Reg_TM,7,2)='AM')).
COMPUTE Regist=Regist-TIME.HMS(12).
END IF.
FORMATS Regist (time).
LIST.

List
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
|Output Created               |16-OCT-2007 13:26:44       |
|-----------------------------|---------------------------|
Reg_TM     Regist

12:00 AM  0:00:00
12:34 AM  0:34:00
06:54 AM  6:54:00
12:00 PM 12:00:00
12:34 PM 12:34:00
06:54 PM 18:54:00

Number of cases read:  6    Number of cases listed:  6


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be taken in reliance on this e-mail, is prohibited and may be
unlawful. If you have received this E-Mail message in error, notify
the sender by reply E-Mail and delete the message.

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